I’ll pick up where I left off, I have a lot to put up today so I’ll do it in bits
Chromatic scale
What is a scale? it simply is a set of ordered notes chosen from the 12 notes within the octave
The chromatic scale is the collection of all 12 notes within the octave
To play a chroatic scale simply means playing all 12 notes (12 semitones)
Diatonic scales
The diatonic scale is nothing but the familiar scale of seven notes. In the key of C major, the scale is CDEFGABC
The most important feature of a scale is the interval structure, that is the intervals between the various notes.
If 1 stands for a semitone and 2 for a whole tone, the major scale’s structure is
2212221
This means one tone between the first and second note, one tone between the 2nd and 3rd note, one semitone between the 3rd and 4th note na kadhalika
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Scale Degrees
The first note of a scale is called the first degree of a scale, the second will be second degree so on and so forth
Scale degrees are often written in Roman numerals I,II,III,IV,V,VI,VII
So iin the key of C major, the C is degree I, D is degree II na kadhalika
The first note of the scale is also called root or the tonic
In most cases it’s more convinient to think in terms of scale degrees rather than note names because note names change with the key while the scale degrees are always the same.
In order to build a diatonic scale do the following
Start from the root note (c or D or Ab e.t.c) which gives the name to the scale
Use all 7 note names (C,D,E e.t.c) one each starting from the root
Add sharps and flats where required to produce the interval structure 2212221 between the scale degrees
http://legacy.earlham.edu/~tobeyfo/musictheory/Book1/FFH1_CH3/images_CH3/49_fullminorscale_0003.png
Scales and Modes
You just saw that a major scales structure is <2212221>
Now suppose you start from the second note and play upto the next second note in the next octave, you’d be playing 2122212 which is a different structure from 2212221
This new structure is called a mode of th basic scale. Obviously a mode is basically a scale in its own right but because its structure is derived from the basic scale, it is very convinient to think of it as a mode and call the original scale the parent scale.
Since the structure above is built from the second step of the basic scale, it becomes mode II of that scale. If you move to the third it becomes mode III. Since a diatonic scale has 7 steps, ot also has seven modes
Modes.
http://0.tqn.com/d/np/music-theory/96-1.jpg
Ionian and Aeolian (The major scale and its relative minor) are the most frequently used modes in classical and modern music. Dorian Lydian and Mixolydian are heavily used in Jazz
Next class after tea break today
@kah tony ndio hizi zingine