@Sambamba , @Sokwe mtu let’s be open minded and admit the obvious, USSR walitoa microchips wapi??? :D:D:D
How did the USSR develop the mosfet transistor and n-mos process?
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/KR580VM80A
[SIZE=7]KR580VM80A[/SIZE]
The KR580VM80A (Russian: КР580ВМ80А) is a Soviet microprocessor, a clone of the Intel 8080 CPU.[1][2] Different versions of this CPU were manufactured beginning in the late 1970s, the earliest known use being in the SM1800 computer in 1979. Initially called the K580IK80 (К580ИК80), it was produced in a 48-pin planar metal-ceramic package. Later, a version in a PDIP-40 package was produced and was named the KR580IK80A (КР580ИК80А). The pin layout of the latter completely matched that of Intel’s 8080A CPU.
In 1986 this CPU received a new part number to conform with the 1980 Soviet integrated circuit designation and became known as the KR580VM80A (КР580ВМ80А), the number it is most widely known by today (the KR580VV51A and KR580VV55A peripheral devices went through similar revisions). Normal clock frequency for the K580IK80A is 2 MHz, with speeds up to 2.5 MHz for the KR580VM80A. The KR580IK80A was manufactured in a 6 µm process.[3] In the later KR580VM80A the feature size was reduced to 5 µm and the die became 20% smaller.[4]
KR580VM80A
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/KL_USSR_KP580BM80A_i8080_clone.jpg/220px-KL_USSR_KP580BM80A_i8080_clone.jpg
KR580VM80A CPU, Plastic DIP
General Info Launched c. 1979Discontinued c. 1991Common manufacturer(s)
[ul]
[li]USSR[/li][/ul]
Performance Max. CPU clock rate 2 MHz to 2.5 MHz
Architecture and classification Min. feature size 6 µmInstruction set pre x86
Physical specifications Socket(s)
[ul]
[li]40 pin DIP[/li][/ul]
@Ndindu a small list of cloned 1970s and 1980s USSR hardware :
[SIZE=5]Ministry of Radio TechnologyEdit[/SIZE]
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Agat-9_Black.jpg/220px-Agat-9_Black.jpg
Agat-9
Computer systems from the Ministry of Radio Technology:[1]
[ul]
[li]Agat (Агат) — Apple II clone[/li][li]ES EVM (ЕС ЭВМ), IBM mainframe clone[/li][li]ES PEVM (ЕС ПЭВМ), IBM PC compatible[/li][li]M series — series of mainframes and mini-computers[/li][li]Minsk (Минск)[/li][li]Poisk (Поиск) — IBM PC XT clone[/li][li]Setun (Сетунь) — unique balanced ternary computer.[/li][li]Strela (Стрела)[/li][li]Ural (Урал) — mainframe series[/li][li]Vector-06C (Вектор-06Ц)[/li][/ul]
[SIZE=5]Ministry of Instrument MakingEdit[/SIZE]
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/%D0%98%D0%A1%D0%9A%D0%A0%D0%90_1030.11.jpg/220px-%D0%98%D0%A1%D0%9A%D0%A0%D0%90_1030.11.jpg
Iskra-1030
Computer systems from the Ministry of Instrument Making:[1]
[ul]
[li]Aragats (Арагац)[/li][li]Iskra (Искра) - common name for many computers with different architecture[/li][LIST]
[li]Iskra-1030 - Intel 8086 XT clone[/li][/ul]
[li]KVM-1 (КВМ-1)[/li][li]SM EVM (СМ ЭВМ) — most models were PDP-11 clones, while some others were HP 2100, VAX or Intel compatible[/li][/LIST]
[SIZE=5]Ministry of the Electronics IndustryEdit[/SIZE]
Computer systems from the Ministry of Electronics Industry:[1]
[ul]
[li]Elektronika (Электроника) family[/li][LIST]
[li]DVK family (ДВК) — PDP-11 clones[/li][li]Elektronika BK-0010 (БК-0010, БК-0011) — LSI-11 clone home computer[/li][li]UKNC (УКНЦ) — educational, PDP11-like[/li][li]Elektronika 60, Elektronika 100[/li][li]Elektronika 85 - Clone of DEC Professional (computer) 350 (F11)[/li][li]Elektronika 85.1 - Clone of DEC Professional (computer) 380 (J11)[/li][li]Elektronika D3-28[/li][li]Elektronika SS BIS (Электроника СС БИС) — Cray clone[/li][/ul]
[/LIST]
[SIZE=5]Soviet Academy of SciencesEdit[/SIZE]
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Bestix.jpg/220px-Bestix.jpg
Besta running Bestix
[ul]
[li]BESM (БЭСМ) — series of mainframes[/li][li]Besta (Беста) — Unix box, Motorola 68020-based, Sun-3 clone[/li][li]Elbrus (Эльбрус) — high-end mainframe series[/li][li]Kronos (Кронос)[/li][li]M-1 — one of the earliest stored program computers (1950-1951)[/li][/ul]
[SIZE=5]ZX Spectrum clonesEdit[/SIZE]
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/%D0%A5%D0%9E%D0%91%D0%91%D0%98%D0%A2_%D0%91%D0%9A-0-31.JPG/220px-%D0%A5%D0%9E%D0%91%D0%91%D0%98%D0%A2_%D0%91%D0%9A-0-31.JPG
Hobbit
[ul]
[li]ATM Turbo[/li][li]Dubna 48K - running at half the speed of the original[/li][li]Hobbit[/li][li]Pentagon[/li][li]Radon ‘Z’[/li][li]Scorpion[/li][/ul]
[SIZE=7]Agat (computer)[/SIZE]
The Agat (Russian: Агат) was a series of 8-bit computers produced in the Soviet Union. It used the same MOS Technology 6502 microprocessor as Apple II and Commodore 64. Commissioned by the USSR Ministry of Radio, for many years it was a popular microcomputer in Soviet schools. First introduced at a Moscow trade fair in 1983,[2] the Agat was primarily produced between 1984 and 1990, although a limited number of units may have been manufactured as late as 1993. By 1988, about 12,000 units were produced,[3] over 9 months of 1989 — about 7,000.[4]
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Soviet_microcomputer_AGAT-7.jpg/300px-Soviet_microcomputer_AGAT-7.jpg
Agat-7 with 140 Kbytes FDD
[SIZE=6]UsageEdit[/SIZE]
Compared to other computers available in the Soviet Union at the time, the Agat was several times cheaper, which led to its widespread adoption in schools and other educational institutions across the Soviet Union and the Eastern Bloc. This is reflected in the fact that most of the software available for the Agat is of an educational nature—including a BASIC interpreter, text editing programs, and the “Shkol’nitsa” (“schoolgirl”) package, designed to assist teachers in the classroom.
The official selling price for the Agat was 3,900 rubles,[10] as much as twenty times the average monthly salary,[2][11] which put it out of reach of all but the most privileged of private individuals.
SoftwareEdit
[ul]
[li]“Schoolgirl” with Robic programming language included.[/li][/ul]
@Sambamba , @Ndindu , @Sokwe mtu USSR waliiba hadi UNIX. :D:D:D:D
[SIZE=7]SM EVM[/SIZE]
[ul]
[li]Language[/li][li]Download PDF[/li][li]Watch[/li][li]Edit[/li][/ul]
SM EVM (СМ ЭВМ, abbreviation of Система Малых ЭВМ—literally System of Mini Computers) was the general name for several types of Soviet and Comecon minicomputers produced in the 1970s and 1980s. Production began in 1975.
Most types of SM EVM were clones of DEC PDP-11 and VAX.[1] SM-1 and SM-2 were clones of Hewlett-Packard minicomputers.
The common operating systems for the PDP-11 clones were translated versions of RSX-11 (ОС РВ) for the higher spec models and RT-11 (РАФОС, ФОДОС) for lower spec models. Also available for the high-end PDP-11 clones was MOS, a clone of UNIX.
[SIZE=7]MOS (operating system)[/SIZE]
For the operating system used in the Acorn BBC computer range, see Acorn MOS.
MOS signifies ‘Mobile Operating System’ (Russian: Моби́льная Операцио́нная Систе́ма, МОС). It was a Soviet clone of Unix in the 1980s.[1]
OverviewEdit
This operating system was commonly found on SM EVM minicomputers; it was also ported to ES EVM and Elbrus. MOS was also used in high-end PDP-11 clones.
There have been several modifications of MOS named MNOS, DEMOS, INMOS (operating system) [ru] etc.
@Purple Russia stole everything. And I mean everything!!
Today Putin gets angry when China reverse engineers his missiles.